A vast army of talented engineers and other construction professionals are working flat out to complete massive projects in the UK, including Crossrail and the Thames Tideway Tunnel. Will Brexit affect investment in these construction projects, as well as the cost and availability of materials and labour?
“The infrastructure projects in which we invest should experience limited fallout from Brexit,” according to Giles Frost, chief executive at International Public Partnership, the FTSE 250 infrastructure fund which is a member of the Bazalgette Consortium investing in and delivering the Thames Tideway scheme. “In the 11 months since the referendum, we haven’t seen any slowdown in investors wanting to invest in UK infrastructure projects.”
Mr Frost, who is also chief executive of Amber Infrastructure, adds: “Infrastructure investment is low risk and uncorrelated to the wider equity markets. The day after the referendum, the share price of International Public Partnerships increased while the broader FTSE went down because of the immediate uncertainty. Brexit has had no negative impact on investment in infrastructure.”
Construction concerns
However, fear and scepticism surround Brexit. “Uncertainty is never good for business,” he says. “Brexit has caused unnecessary confusion and navel gazing. It is an extra complexity that nobody predicted, but thanks to the long-term nature of our horizons, infrastructure investment is well positioned to weather this uncertainty.”
But a major concern is the cost of hiring the tunnel boring machines used on major projects. David O’Reilly, vice president of KBR, formerly Kellogg Brown & Root, says plant costs could soar, but expects financing of the machinery to have been managed by buying euros at forward rates, thereby minimising the effect of detrimental fluctuations in the exchange rate.
Mr O’Reilly, who is project director of the Qatar Expressway Programme, urges UK construction professionals to look beyond Europe. “For UK businesses, the world is your oyster. We have considerable skills. These skills have no association with Brexit. There is an appetite for UK professionals. That is why KBR has been trading successfully for the last 30 to 40 years,” he says.
The UK is a world leader in construction and civil engineering, but labour costs are another major concern. “UK construction is becoming increasingly dependent on skilled labour, as well as unskilled labour, from overseas,” says Mr Frost. It is possible labour costs will go up if the UK is less able to access labour from overseas, he says, also expressing concern that immigration controls might be introduced which could prevent or deter workers normally resident outside the UK from coming here.
There are simply not enough British workers to meet the demands of the construction industry
Grahame Carter, managing director of Matchtech, a leading engineering recruitment agency, says: “To deliver projects similar to the scale of High Speed 2 and Thames Tideway, some countries, including Dubai and Qatar, implement a visa system. Companies that win contracts are allocated a set number of visas to guarantee enough talent to complete the project successfully.”
Although there is a considerable amount of optimism about willingness to invest in large infrastructure projects and confidence in the UK’s construction workforce, many people are still worried.
Andrew Goldman, group marketing and technology director at Rydon Group, a construction, development, maintenance and management group, explains: “The UK construction sector shrank after the UK voted to leave the EU, but has shown some recovery subsequently.”
Also, he is concerned about the supply of labour. “There are simply not enough British workers to meet the demands of the construction industry and Brexit threatens to diminish EU resources further,” says Mr Goldman. According to London Assembly figures in February 2017, 25 per cent of construction workers in the capital were from the European Union.
The cost of materials is another worry. He says: “Sixty four per cent of the building materials used in the UK are imported from the EU. The EU is also the largest market for the construction materials we export, purchasing 63 per cent. Brexit will potentially lead to heavy duties or limits on quantities of materials.”
In mid-May, the Brexit Infrastructure Group of the Institution of Civil Engineers sent an open letter to leaders of the political parties, outlining the risks faced by the infrastructure sector ahead of the general election and Brexit negotiations.
It said the government must clarify the UK’s future relationship with the European Investment Bank following departure from the EU. “The Brexit Infrastructure Group has offered a three-part strategy to ensure Brexit does not disrupt the delivery of the planned pipeline of major infrastructure projects, which underpins government’s current efforts to drive up UK productivity. This planned pipeline will require £500 billion of private investment over the next ten years,” the group said.
But the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) warns of difficult times ahead.
RICS says the UK construction industry is “already facing skills shortages, jeopardising a predicted £500- billion project pipeline” and adds that “8 per cent of the UK’s construction workforce comes from the EU”.
“Post-Brexit, should the UK lose access to the single market, 176,500 jobs could be under threat,” RICS warns, adding that “30 per cent of construction professionals surveyed revealed that hiring non-UK workers was important to the success of their businesses”.
